PHP PrintIPP is a PHP5 class library. It is designed to easier usage of Internet Printing Protocol.
It makes easy simple actions like print and cancel a document, and not difficult complex tasks as print a text document on 2 pages per sheet, dual sided, with staples on center (provided your printer and print server does).
As we said, simple things are simple:
<?php
require_once(PrintIPP.php);
$ipp = new PrintIPP();
$ipp->setHost("localhost");
$ipp->setPrinterURI("/printers/epson");
$ipp->setMimeMediaType("text/plain");
$ipp->setData("./testfiles/test-ascii.txt"); // Path to file.
$ipp->printJob();
?>
You can replace filename by a string.
<?php
$ipp->setAuthentication("test","test"); // system username & password, need to be lpadmin
$job = $ipp->last_job; // getting job uri
$ipp->cancelJob($job); // cancelling job
?>
Now, we making little more complex tasks:
<?php
/* printing an utf-8 file, two-sided, two pages per sheet */
require_once(PrintIPP.php);
$ipp = new PrintIPP();
$ipp->setHost("localhost");
$ipp->setPrinterURI("/printers/epson");
$ipp->debug_level = 3; // Debugging very verbose
$ipp->setLog('/tmp/printipp','file',3); // logging very verbose
$ipp->setUserName("foo bar"); // setting user name for server
$ipp->setDocumentName("testfile with UTF-8 characters");
$ipp->setAttribute('number-up',2);
$ipp->setSides(); // by default: 2 = two-sided-long-edge
// other choices: 1 = one-sided
// 2CE = two-sided-short-edge
$ipp->setData("./testfiles/test-utf8.txt");//Path to file.
$ipp->setCharset('utf-8');
$ipp->setMimeMediaType("text/plain");
printf(_("Job status: %s"), $ipp->printJob()); // Print job, display job status
$ipp->printDebug(); // display debugging output
?>
<?php
/* printing selected pages from document */
$ipp = new PrintIPP();
$ipp->setHost("localhost");
$ipp->setPrinterURI("/printers/epson");
$ipp->setDocumentName("Selected parts of GNU FDL");
$ipp->setAttribute('number-up',4); // 4 pages per sheet
$ipp->setAttribute('media','A7'); // very little pages
$ipp->setPageRanges('1:2 5:6'); // print only pages 1 to 2 and 5 to 6
$ipp->setData("./documentation/COPYING");//Path to file.
$ipp->printJob();
$ipp->setPageRanges(''); // reset page ranges
?>
<?php
/* printing strings as RAW TEXT, no form feed */
$ipp = new PrintIPP();
$ipp->setHost("localhost");
$ipp->setPrinterURI("/printers/epson");
// if you connect direct to the printer:
$ipp->setMimeMediaType("text/plain");
// if you rely on CUPS,
// CUPS will transform the text as 1 page per print,
// unless you do that:
$ipp->setMimeMediaType("application/vnd.cups-raw");
$ipp->setData("This is a line\r\n");
$ipp->printJob();
$ipp->setData("This is half a line ");
$ipp->printJob();
$ipp->setData("This is a end of line\r\n");
$ipp->printJob();
// set copies to 2 (same sheet of paper: form feed is unset)
$ipp->setData("This line must appeared twice\r\n");
$ipp->setCopies(2);
$ipp->printJob();
$ipp->setCopies(1);
// printing string, then form feed
$ipp->setData(sprintf("End of test (form feed)%s%s",chr(0x0C),chr(0x04)));
$ipp->printJob();
echo "Jobs URIs:"; // display jobs uris
echo "<pre>\n";
print_r($ipp-<jobs_uri);
echo "</pre>";
?>
if (!function_exists('_'))
require_once ('gettext.php');
File gettext.php:
<?php
function _($text) {
return $text;
}
>
That's all!
With CUPS1.1, you need to setup "SSLPort" in "cupsd.conf" on wanted port for secure connections
Operations functions returns false in case of HTTP error,
getPrinters() is not part of IPP standard, thus it is implemented in (NameOfVendor)PrintIPP.
<?php
$ipp = new PrintIPP();
$ipp->setHost("localhost");
$ipp->setPort();
$ipp->setPrinterURI("/printers/epson");
$ipp->getPrinterAttributes();
echo "Printer attributes for printer $i:
<pre>\n"; print_r($ipp->printer_attributes); echo "</pre>";
/* Cups defines an attribute "printer -type" */
if (isset($ipp->printer_attributes->printer_type->_value2)
&& ($ipp->printer_attributes->printer_type->_value2) == 'print-black')
echo "The printer can print black<br />\n";
if (isset($ipp->printer_attributes->printer_type->_value3)
&& ($ipp->printer_attributes->printer_type->_value3) == 'print-color')
echo "The printer can print color<br />\n";
/* other attributes */
echo "Printer State: ".$ipp->printer_attributes->printer_state->_value0."<br />\n";
echo "Printer State message: ".$ipp->printer_attributes->printer_state_message->_value0."<br />";
echo "Document formats supported:<br /><pre>";
$pointer = "_value0";
for ($i = 0 ; isset($ipp->printer_attributes->document_format_supported->$pointer); $i++) {
echo $ipp->printer_attributes->document_format_supported->$pointer . "\n";
$pointer = "_value" . ($i + 1);
}
echo "</pre>";
?>
/* examples */
$ipp->setPrinterUri('/printers/epson');
$ipp->setPrinterUri('ipp://localhost:631/printers/epson')
Mandatory, automatically done by CupsPrintIPP if not set.
Can be used only on dot-matrix and ink-jet printers.
Must be called after each occurrence of setRawText.
If the server do not support Basic nor Digest authentication, you need to install SASL to use authentication. See INSTALL
Cups does not reply this message
an empty string resets page-ranges.
/* standard */
$ipp->setAttribute("job-billing", "Thomas");
/* with 1 set of xxx */
// add a start banner "confidential" and a end banner "secret"
// I know, this example is unusual
$ipp->setAttribute("job-sheets", array("confidential","secret"));
/* special case for resolution: */
// dpi: dot per inch
$ipp->setAttribute("printer-resolution","1440x720dpi");
// dpc: dot per centimeter
$ipp->setAttribute("printer-resolution","320x200dpc");
setAttributes takes care of attribute-type: you have to enter the text string,
comprised 'enum' types.
<?php
[...]
$ipp->setMimeMediaType("application/x-foobar");
echo "Validate-Job: ".$ipp->validateJob()."<br />";
foreach ($ipp->attributes as $name => $attribute)
if ($attribute->_range == 'unsupported-attributes')
printf('%s "%s": unsupported attribute<br />',$name,$attribute->_value0);
reset($ipp->attributes);
?>
Displays:
Validate-Job: client-error-document-format-not-supported
document_format "application/x-foobar": unsupported attribute
<?php
[...]
echo "Printing Job: ".$ipp->printJob()."<br />";
$ipp->getJobAttributes($ipp->last_job,false,'job-template');
$job_state = $ipp->job_attributes->job_state->_value0;
echo "Job-State: $job_state<br />";
$job_state_reasons = $ipp->job_attributes->job_state_reasons->_value0;
echo "Job-State-Reasons: $job_state_reasons<br />";
echo "<pre>";print_r($ipp->job_attributes); echo "</pre>";
?>
displays:
Job-State: processing
Job-State-Reasons: job-printing
(or whatever is the job's status)
stdClass Object
(
[attributes_charset] => stdClass Object
(
[_type] => charset
[_range] => start operation-attributes
[_value0] => utf-8
)
[attributes_natural_language] => stdClass Object
(
[_type] => naturalLanguage
[_range] => start operation-attributes
[_value0] => fr-fr
)
[job_uri] => stdClass Object
(
[_type] => uri
[_range] => start job-attributes
[_value0] => http://geekette:631/jobs/202
)
[...]
<?php
echo "Getting Jobs: ".$ipp->getJobs($my_jobs=true,$limit=0,"completed",true)."<br />";
echo "Job 0 state: ".$ipp->jobs_attributes->job_0->job_state->_value0."<br />";
echo "Job 0 state-reasons: ".$ipp->jobs_attributes->job_0->job_state_reasons->_value0."<br />";
echo "<pre>";print_r($ipp->jobs_attributes); echo "</pre>";
?>
Displays:
Getting Jobs: successful-ok-ignored-or-substituted-attributes
Job 0 state: processing
Job 0 state-reasons: job-printing
stdClass Object
(
[job_0] => stdClass Object
(
[job_more_info] => stdClass Object
(
[_type] => uri
[_range] => start job-attributes
[_value0] => http://geekette:631/jobs/205
)
[job_uri] => stdClass Object
(
[_type] => uri
[_range] => start job-attributes
[_value0] => http://geekette:631/jobs/205
)
[job_printer_up_time] => stdClass Object
(
[_type] => integer
[_range] => start job-attributes
[_value0] => 1136224652
)
[job_name] => stdClass Object
(
[_type] => nameWithoutLanguage
[_range] => start job-attributes
[_value0] => test-utf8.txt
)
[job_state] => stdClass Object
(
[_type] => enum
[_range] => start job-attributes
[_value0] => processing
)
[job_state_reasons] => stdClass Object
(
[_type] => keyword
[_range] => start job-attributes
[_value0] => job-printing
)
)
[job_1] => stdClass Object
[...]
)
Implemented in ExtendedPrintIPP.
Print a single document, which uri is given in argument.Not implemented in Cups server (OPTIONAL operation).
Function implemented in ExtendedPrintIPP
Purge jobs for printer designed by setPrinterUri($uri), for all printers if $uri is "/printers/".
<?php
/* purging jobs for a printer */
$IPP = new ExtendedPrintIPP();
$ipp->setUserName("test");
$ipp->setAuthentication("test","test"); // username & password
$ipp->setPrinterURI("ipp://localhost:631/printers/epson"); // Set printer URI here
echo "Purge-Jobs: ". $ipp->purgeJobs() ."<br />";
/* purging jobs for all printers */
$ipp->setPrinterURI("ipp://localhost:631/printers/"); // => all printers
echo "Purge-Jobs: ". $ipp->purgeJobs() ."<br />";
?>
Function implemented in ExtendedPrintIPP.
IPP Create-Job operation, before sending multi-documents with sendDocument($job); or sendURI($job,$uri).Function implemented in ExtendedPrintIPP.
Send a document after a job has been created.
<?php
function __autoload($class_name) {
require_once $class_name . '.php';
}
$IPP = new ExtendedPrintIPP();
$ipp->debug_level = 3;
$ipp->setUserName("test");
$ipp->setCopies(2);
$ipp->setAuthentication("test","test"); // username & password. MANDATORY
echo "Create-Job: ".$ipp->createJob(). "<br />";
printf("Job is: %s<br />",$job = $ipp->last_job);
echo "<pre>";print_r($ipp->job_attributes);echo "</pre>\n";
$ipp->setDocumentName("test-utf8.txt");
$ipp->setData("./testfiles/test-utf8.txt");
echo "Sending document: " . $ipp->sendDocument($job) . "<br />\n";
$ipp->setDocumentName("text string");
$ipp->setData("This is the string of second document");
echo "Sending document: " . $ipp->sendDocument($job,$last=true) . "<br />\n";
// must be refused. Hem: CUPS is very smart, it accepts :)
echo "Sending document: " . $ipp->sendDocument($job,$last=true) . "<br />\n";
?>
Function implemented in ExtendedPrintIPP.
Send a document after a job has been created.
<?php
$uri = "http://localhost/";
echo "Create-Job: ".$ipp->createJob(). "<br />";
printf("Job is: %s<br />",$job = $ipp->last_job);
echo "Sending URI: " . $ipp->sendURI($uri,$job,$last=true) . "<br />\n";
?>
Function implemented in ExtendedPrintIPP.
Pause printer setted by setPrinterURI($uri).Function implemented in ExtendedPrintIPP.
resume (restart) printer set by setPrinterURI($uri).Function implemented in ExtendedPrintIPP.
Holds a job.
<?php
echo "printing document: " . $ipp->printJob("test"). "<br />\n";
echo "Holding Job: " .$ipp->holdJob($job,'night');
$ipp->getJobAttributes($ipp->last_job,false,'job-template');
$job_state = $ipp->job_attributes->job_state->_value0;
echo "Job-State: $job_state<br />";
$job_state_reasons = $ipp->job_attributes->job_state_reasons->_value0;
echo "Job-State-Reasons: $job_state_reasons<br />";
?>
Function implemented in ExtendedPrintIPP.
Release a pending or holded job.Function implemented in ExtendedPrintIPP.
Restarts a completed job.
<?php
echo "printing document: " . $ipp->printJob("test"). "<br />\n";
sleep (10);
$ipp->setAttribute('job-hold-until','weekend');
$ipp->restartJob($ipp->last_job);
?>
Will re-print the job in the week-end.
Function implemented in ExtendedPrintIPP.
Modify an existing job's attributes with values previously set by various setXXX operations.
/* setting copies to 2 */
$ipp->setCopies(2);
/* no idea for what to delete :) */
$unset_attributes = array();
/* commit changes */
$ipp->setJobAttributes($ipp->last_job,$unset_attributes);
Function implemented in (NameOfVendor)PrintIPP.
Get availables printers, fill array $ipp->available_printers with printer's uris.
<?php
function __autoload($class_name) {
require_once $class_name . '.php';
}
$ipp = new CupsPrintIPP;
$ipp->getPrinters();
$uri = $ipp->available_printers[0];
$ipp->setPrinterUri($uri);
?>
See file attributes.html
See file readable-attributes.html
See file CupsPrintIPP-usage.html
See file phpprintipp.html
Copyright © 2005-2008 Thomas Harding.
Due to non-DFSG compliance of GFDL, this document is distributed under dual licence :
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
These files are free software; you can redistribute them and/or modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This documentation is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this documentation; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
Copyright © 2005-2006 Thomas Harding.
All rights reserved.
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modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
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SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
GNU Free Documentation License
Version 1.2, November 2002
Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
0. PREAMBLE
The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to
assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it,
with or without modifying it, either commercially or non-commercially.
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1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
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contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be
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and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
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Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all
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may not be included in the Modified Version.
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or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
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standard.
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The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
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imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of
Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History"
in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled
"History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements",
and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections
Entitled "Endorsements".
6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this
License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in
the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for
verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute
it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this
License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all
other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright
resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights
of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit.
When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not
apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
derivative works of the Document.
If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of
the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form.
Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole
aggregate.
8. TRANSLATION
Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include
the original English version of this License and the original versions
of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between
the translation and the original version of this License or a notice
or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",
"Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve
its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual
title.
9. TERMINATION
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except
as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to
copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
parties remain in full compliance.
10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions
of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new
versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See
http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of
following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
the License in the document and put the following copyright and
license notices just after the title page:
Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
Free Documentation License".
If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
replace the "with...Texts." line with this:
with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
situation.
If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
to permit their use in free software.
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
Preamble
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
your programs, too.
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
rights.
We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
distribute and/or modify the software.
Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
authors' reputations.
Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
modification follow.
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,
refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".
Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
along with the Program.
You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
parties under the terms of this License.
c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
collective works based on the Program.
In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
the scope of this License.
3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
customarily used for software interchange; or,
c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
received the program in object code or executable form with such
an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
special exception, the source code distributed need not include
anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
itself accompanies the executable.
If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
parties remain in full compliance.
5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
the Program or works based on it.
6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
this License.
7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
circumstances.
It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
impose that choice.
This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
be a consequence of the rest of this License.
8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
address new problems or concerns.
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any
later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
Foundation.
10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
NO WARRANTY
11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
when it starts in an interactive mode:
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may
be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
Public License instead of this License.